{"id":47340,"date":"2022-03-31T11:46:42","date_gmt":"2022-03-31T11:46:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/assignmenttutors.net\/blog\/study-guide-delivering-healthcare-in-america-a-systems-approach\/"},"modified":"2022-03-31T11:46:42","modified_gmt":"2022-03-31T11:46:42","slug":"study-guide-delivering-healthcare-in-america-a-systems-approach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/assignmenttutors.net\/blog\/study-guide-delivering-healthcare-in-america-a-systems-approach\/","title":{"rendered":"Study guide -delivering healthcare in america: a systems approach"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Study Guide -Delivering Healthcare in America: A Systems Approach
Leiyu Shi & Douglas A. Singh<\/p>\n

Chapter 1: A Distinctive System of Health Care Delivery<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1. The primary objectives of a healthcare system include all of the following except:
\u00a0a. Enabling all citizens to receive healthcare services
\u00a0b. Delivering healthcare services that are cost-effective
\u00a0c. Delivering healthcare services using the most current technology, regardless of cost
\u00a0d. Delivering healthcare services that meet established standards of quality<\/p>\n

2. The U.S. healthcare system can best be described as:
\u00a0a. Expensive
\u00a0b. Fragmented
\u00a0c. Market-oriented
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

3. For most privately insured Americans, health insurance is:
\u00a0a. Employer-based
\u00a0b. Financed by the government
\u00a0c. Privately purchased
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

4. Medicare is primarily for people who meet the following eligibility requirement:
\u00a0a. Elderly
\u00a0b. Low-income
\u00a0c. Children
\u00a0d. Disabled
\u00a0
5. Medicaid is primarily for people who meet the following eligibility requirement:
\u00a0a. Elderly
\u00a0b. Low-income
\u00a0c. Children
\u00a0d. Disabled
\u00a0
6. The role of the government in the U.S. healthcare system is:
\u00a0a. Regulator
\u00a0b. Major financer
\u00a0c. Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement rate-setter
\u00a0d. All of the above
7. Which of the following is a characteristic of a socialized health insurance system?
a. Health care is financed through government-mandated contributions by employers and employees
\u00a0b. Health care is delivered by government-employed providers
\u00a0c. Both a and b
\u00a0d. Neither a nor b<\/p>\n

8. Which of the following is an overarching goal of Healthy People 2010?
\u00a0a. Decrease health care costs
\u00a0b. Create a more coordinated health care system
\u00a0c. Establish a national health insurance program
\u00a0d. Increase quality and years of healthy life<\/p>\n

9. Which of the following is a dimension of social health?
\u00a0a. Sociability
\u00a0b. Community involvement
\u00a0c. Marital satisfaction
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

10. Supplier-induced demand is created by:
\u00a0a. Patients
\u00a0b. Providers
\u00a0c. Health insurance companies
\u00a0d. The government<\/p>\n

Chapter 2: Beliefs, Values, and Health<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1. The elements of the Epidemiology Triangle of disease occurrence include all of the following except:
\u00a0a. Environment
\u00a0b. Agent
\u00a0c. Society
d. Host<\/p>\n

2. Which of the following factors is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States?
\u00a0a. High fat diet
\u00a0b. Heredity
\u00a0c. Smoking
\u00a0d. Unsafe sex<\/p>\n

3. Which of the following is not a behavioral risk factor?
\u00a0a. Irresponsible motor vehicle use
\u00a0b. Inadequate physical exercise
\u00a0c. Unsafe neighborhoods
\u00a0d. Alcohol abuse<\/p>\n

4. What is tertiary prevention?
\u00a0a. Early detection and treatment of disease
b. Rehabilitative therapies and monitoring of health to prevent complications or further illness, injury, or disability
\u00a0c. Reduction of the probability that a disease will develop in the future
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

5. According to the CDC, which factor contributes most to premature death in the U.S. population?
\u00a0a. Lifestyle and behaviors
\u00a0b. Lack of medical care
\u00a0c. Social and environmental factors
\u00a0d. Genetic makeup<\/p>\n

6. Which of the following can be considered an environmental factor contributing to health status?
\u00a0a. Air quality
\u00a0b. Access to health care
\u00a0c. Safety of neighborhoods
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

7. Healthcare is considered a social good in:
\u00a0a. Market justice
\u00a0b. Social justice
\u00a0c. Both a and b
d. The total number of cases at a specific point in time divided by the population at risk<\/p>\n

8. Demand-side rationing is the same thing as:
\u00a0a. Nonprice rationing
\u00a0b. Price rationing
\u00a0c. Both a and b
\u00a0d. Neither a nor b<\/p>\n

9. Prevalence is:
a. The number of new cases occurring during a specified period divided by the total population
b. The total number of cases at a specific point in time divided by the specified population
c. The number of new cases occurring during a specified period divided by the population at risk
d. The total number of cases at a specific point in time divided by the population at risk<\/p>\n

10. Holistic health adds which element to the World Health Organization definition of health?
\u00a0a. Physical
\u00a0b. Mental
\u00a0c. Spiritual
\u00a0d. Social<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Chapter 3: The Evolution of Health Services in the United States<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Which of the following forces remains relatively stable, and major shifts in this area would be necessary to bring about any fundamental change in the US health care delivery system?
a.\u00a0Economic forces
b.\u00a0Political change
c.\u00a0Beliefs and values
d.\u00a0Social forces<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0In its historical context, which of the following has played a major role in revolutionizing health care delivery?
a.\u00a0Beliefs and values
b.\u00a0Science and technology
c.\u00a0Medical education
d.\u00a0Economic growth<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0In the preindustrial era, _____ often functioned as surgeons.
a.\u00a0butchers
b.\u00a0tailors
c.\u00a0clergymen
d.\u00a0barbers<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0Hospitals in the United States evolved from
a.\u00a0alms houses
b.\u00a0sick homes
c.\u00a0pest houses
d.\u00a0inns<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0What was the function of a pest house in the preindustrial period?
a.\u00a0To house people who had a contagious disease.
b.\u00a0To provide refuge to those who were threatened by pests.
c.\u00a0To eradicate pests.
d.\u00a0To treat contagious diseases.<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0Which of the following factors was particularly important in promoting the growth of office-based medical practice in the postindustrial period?
a.\u00a0Urbanization
b.\u00a0Educational reform
c.\u00a0Science and technology
d.\u00a0Dependency
e.\u00a0licensing<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0Development of the hospital and ______ happened almost hand in hand in a symbiotic relationship between the two.
a.\u00a0dependency of patients
b.\u00a0growth of scientific knowledge
c.\u00a0professionalization of medical practice
d.\u00a0cohesiveness of the medical profession<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0Why did physicians remain independent of corporate settings even after the medical profession became well recognized?
a.\u00a0Hospitals were unable to pay high enough salaries to physicians.
b.\u00a0Physicians disliked salary arrangements.
c.\u00a0Licensure laws had not yet been passed.
d.\u00a0Physicians who took up practice in a corporate setting were castigated by the medical profession.<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0Since the early 1900s, the burden of disease in developed countries has shifted
a.\u00a0to underdeveloped countries
b.\u00a0from infectious to chronic disease
c.\u00a0from chronic to infectious disease
d.\u00a0from the rich to the poor<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0The inception of _____ was used as a trial balloon for the idea of government-sponsored universal health insurance.
a.\u00a0workers’ compensation
b.\u00a0trade unions\u00a0
c.\u00a0public health\u00a0
d.\u00a0health care for the veterans<\/p>\n

Chapter 4: Health Services Professionals<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 A major factor influencing growth in the health care sector of the U.S. economy is:
\u00a0a. The aging of the population
\u00a0b. Increasing fertility rates
\u00a0c. Declining death rates
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0 Which type of health care facility employs the most people in the U.S.?
\u00a0a. Physicians\u2019 offices and clinics
\u00a0b. Hospitals
\u00a0c. Nursing and personal care facilities
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0 When patients have multiple health problems, this is called:
\u00a0a. Coaffliction
\u00a0b. Comortality
\u00a0c. Codependency
\u00a0d. Comorbidity<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0 The basic source of the physician distribution problem in the U.S. is:
\u00a0a. Lack of health care coverage for all\u00a0
\u00a0b. The need-based model
\u00a0c. Lack of awareness that there is a problem
\u00a0d. A shortage of MDs<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0 The Nurse Reinvestment Act of 2002 provides:
\u00a0a. Grants and scholarships for nurses
\u00a0b. Funding for nurse retention programs
\u00a0c. Funding for further education for nurses
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0 Allied health professionals include:
\u00a0a. Osteopaths
\u00a0b. Dentists
\u00a0c. Physician assistants
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0 Physician maldistribution occurs by:
\u00a0a. Specialty
\u00a0b. Geography
\u00a0c. Both a and b
\u00a0d. Neither a nor b
8.\u00a0 Primary care is:
\u00a0a. Longitudinal
\u00a0b. The portal to the healthcare system
\u00a0c. Holistic
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0 The principle source of graduate medical education is:
\u00a0a. Medicaid
\u00a0b. Medicare
\u00a0c. Private funds
\u00a0d. State grant funds<\/p>\n

10. Which of the following is a major criticism of managed care?
\u00a0a. Quality of care may be sacrificed
\u00a0b. Managed care is inefficient
\u00a0c. Utilization may increase
\u00a0d. Managed care will worsen the physician oversupply<\/p>\n

Chapter 5: Medical Technology<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0At a fundamental level, medical technology deals with \u00a0
a.\u00a0production of new equipment to provide more advanced health care\u00a0
b.\u00a0the application of knowledge produced by biomedical research
c.\u00a0using discoveries made in basic sciences to improve health care\u00a0
d.\u00a0new drugs and devices<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Telemedicine technology that allows a specialist located at a distance to directly interview and examine a patient is referred to as\u00a0
a.\u00a0telehealth
b.\u00a0simultaneous\u00a0
c.\u00a0analogous\u00a0
d.\u00a0synchronous<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0The asynchronous form of telemedicine uses_____ technology.\u00a0
a.\u00a0store-and- forward
b.\u00a0access-when-needed\u00a0
c.\u00a0delayed-access
d.\u00a0forward-and-retrieve<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0The expectations that Americans have about what medical technology can do to cure illness is based on\u00a0
a.\u00a0the technological imperative\u00a0
b.\u00a0cultural beliefs and values
c.\u00a0a higher rate of technology diffusion in the US compared to other countries\u00a0
d.\u00a0medical specialization<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0What is the main intent of the Stark laws?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Require that personal health information be kept confidential\u00a0
b.\u00a0Require demonstration of cost-efficiency of new technology\u00a0
c.\u00a0Prohibit self-referral by physicians to facilities in which they have an ownership interest
d.\u00a0Disclosure of potential harm from a procedure or device<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0Supply-side rationing.\u00a0
a.\u00a0Curtailment in governing funding for medical research\u00a0
b.\u00a0Managed care\u00a0
c.\u00a0Curtailment in payments for new technology
d.\u00a0Central planning<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0Certain allergy medications containing pseudoephedrine are available without prescription, but must be kept behind the pharmacy counter and sold only in limited quantities upon verification of a person’s identity.\u00a0
a.\u00a0Food and Drugs Act, 1906\u00a0
b.\u00a0Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 1938\u00a0
c.\u00a0Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendments, 1962\u00a0
d.\u00a0Patriot Act 2006<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0The FDA was given the authority to review the effectiveness and safety of a new drug before it could be marketed.\u00a0
a.\u00a0Food and Drugs Act, 1906\u00a0
b.\u00a0Prescription Drug User Fee Act, 1992\u00a0
c.\u00a0Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendments, 1962
d.\u00a0Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 1938<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0This made additional resources available to the FDA, and resulted in a shortened approval process for new drugs.\u00a0
a.\u00a0Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendments, 1962\u00a0
b.\u00a0Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act, 1997
c.\u00a0Orphan Drug Act, 1983\u00a0
d.\u00a0Prescription Drug User Fee Act, 1992<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0The Safe Medical Devices Act, 1990 requires \u00a0
a.\u00a0that injuries, illness, or death from any device be reported
b.\u00a0premarket approval of devices\u00a0
c.\u00a0safety testing of devices before and after they have been marketed\u00a0
d.\u00a0that all problems and potential problems be reported to the FDA<\/p>\n

Chapter 6: Health Services Financing<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0What is the primary reason that a segment of the U.S. population is uninsured?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Medicare and Medicaid are the only public insurance programs\u00a0
b.\u00a0The U.S. has a voluntary system of health insurance
c.\u00a0The poor cannot afford health insurance\u00a0
d.\u00a0U.S. health insurance is dominated by managed care<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0What is the central role of health services financing in the United States?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Fund health insurance
b.\u00a0Underwrite medical risk\u00a0
c.\u00a0Support managed care\u00a0
d.\u00a0Balance the supply of health care professionals<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0What is the primary mechanism that enables people to obtain health care services?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Availability of services\u00a0
b.\u00a0Health insurance
c.\u00a0Payment for services\u00a0
d.\u00a0Control of expenditures<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0In national health care systems, total expenditures are controlled mainly through\u00a0
a.\u00a0cost shifting\u00a0
b.\u00a0underwriting\u00a0
c.\u00a0supply-side rationing
d.\u00a0demand-side rationing<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0In a general sense, what is the primary purpose of insurance?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Predicting risk\u00a0
b.\u00a0Risk assessment\u00a0
c.\u00a0Protection against risk
d.\u00a0Underwriting\u00a0<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0What is the primary function of insurance?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Pay claims on behalf of the insured\u00a0
b.\u00a0Underwrite policies\u00a0
c.\u00a0Provide comprehensive coverage\u00a0
d.\u00a0Protection against catastrophic risk<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0What is the main advantage of group insurance?
a.\u00a0More people can obtain insurance from a single insurer
b.\u00a0Risk is spread out among a large number of insured
c.\u00a0More comprehensive services can be covered than under an individual plan
d.\u00a0The employer has to deal with only one insurance company<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0The majority of beneficiaries receiving health care through Medicare are\u00a0
a.\u00a0elderly
b.\u00a0disabled\u00a0
c.\u00a0financially poor\u00a0
d.\u00a0those suffering from end-stage renal disease<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0For Medicare beneficiaries, the maximum stay in a SNF during a benefit period cannot exceed\u00a0
a.\u00a030 days\u00a0
b.\u00a060 days\u00a0
c.\u00a0100 days
d.\u00a0None of the above<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0The dependents of U.S. military personnel receive health care through\u00a0
a.\u00a0CHAMPUS\u00a0
b.\u00a0Military Health Services System\u00a0
c.\u00a0VHA\u00a0
d.\u00a0TriCare<\/p>\n

Chapter 7: Outpatient and Primary Care Services<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions:<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 Typically, tertiary care:
\u00a0a. Is highly specialized
\u00a0b. Does not depend on technology
\u00a0c. Takes place outside of traditional healthcare facilities
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0 What is gatekeeping?
\u00a0a. The process by which patients are denied needed care
\u00a0b. The process by which primary care physicians refer patients to specialists
\u00a0c. The concept that specialists use more diagnostic tests than primary care physicians
\u00a0d. The idea that patients should be allowed to choose their own doctors<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0 Which country\u2019s health care system is founded on the principles of gatekeeping?
\u00a0a. UK
\u00a0b. US
\u00a0c. Australia
\u00a0d. China<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0 Countries whose health systems are oriented more toward primary care achieve:
\u00a0a. Higher satisfaction with health services among their populations
\u00a0b. Higher expenditures in the overall delivery of care
\u00a0c. Worse health outcomes
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0 The most prominent reason for the decline in the number of procedures performed in hospitals is:
\u00a0a. Most of these procedures were shifted to outpatient setting
\u00a0b. Most of these procedures were deemed outdated
\u00a0c. Most of these procedures were unsafe
\u00a0d. Most of these procedures used technology that was too expensive<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0 What does \u201cPPS\u201d stand for?
\u00a0a. Preferred Provider System
\u00a0b. Primary Physician System
\u00a0c. Private Practice System
\u00a0d. Prospective Payment System<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0 One reason women\u2019s health centers were created is:
\u00a0a. Women have more money than men
\u00a0b. Women seek care more often than men
\u00a0c. Women have shorter life spans than men
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0 Hospice services are primarily for people with:
\u00a0a. Chronic illnesses
\u00a0b. Rehabilitative needs
\u00a0c. Terminal illnesses
\u00a0\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0 What is palliation?
\u00a0a. Pain and symptom management
\u00a0b. Psychosocial support
\u00a0c. A surgical intervention
\u00a0d. Bed rest<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0 Community health centers serve primarily:\u00a0
\u00a0a. High-income neighborhoods
\u00a0b. Populations with insurance
\u00a0c. Populations which are medically underserved
\u00a0d. Both a and b<\/p>\n

Chapter 8: Inpatient Facilities and Services<\/p>\n

Multiple choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Inpatient care\u00a0
a.\u00a0Services delivered by a hospital\u00a0
b.\u00a0Treatment of acute conditions\u00a0
c.\u00a0Health care delivered in conjunction with an overnight stay in a facility\u00a0
d.\u00a0Care delivered in a licensed facility<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0The biggest share of national health spending is used by\u00a0
a.\u00a0hospitals
b.\u00a0physicians\u00a0
c.\u00a0prescription drugs\u00a0
d.\u00a0nursing home care<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0The first hospitals in the United States served mainly\u00a0
a.\u00a0the poor
b.\u00a0the wealthy\u00a0
c.\u00a0those needing surgery\u00a0
d.\u00a0government officials<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0What is the meaning of “excess capacity” in the health care inpatient sector?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Hospital consolidation\u00a0
b.\u00a0Few hospitals\u00a0
c.\u00a0Large institutions\u00a0
d.\u00a0Empty beds<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0The Hill-Burton Act was passed to\u00a0
a.\u00a0make it mandatory for private insurers to cover hospital services\u00a0
b.\u00a0relieve shortage of hospitals
c.\u00a0curtail the utilization of hospital beds\u00a0
d.\u00a0have federal control over community hospitals<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0ALOS is an indicator of\u00a0
a.\u00a0use of hospital capacity\u00a0
b.\u00a0frequency of use\u00a0
c.\u00a0severity of illness
d.\u00a0access<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0Which ownership type constitutes the largest group of hospitals and hospital beds in the United States?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Private for-profit\u00a0
b.\u00a0Federal\u00a0
c.\u00a0Private nonprofit
d.\u00a0State and local government<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0In a hospital classified as short stay, the ALOS is less than
a.\u00a05 days\u00a0
b.\u00a010 days\u00a0
c.\u00a015 days\u00a0
d.\u00a025 days<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0To be classified as a Critical Access Hospital, the number of acute care beds should not exceed\u00a0
a.\u00a020\u00a0
b.\u00a025
c.\u00a035\u00a0
d.\u00a050<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0According to US law, nonprofit organizations \u00a0
a.\u00a0can make only a limited amount of profit\u00a0
b.\u00a0are tax exempt
c.\u00a0cannot have a governing body\u00a0
d.\u00a0must pay taxes only if they are profitable<\/p>\n

Chapter 9: Managed Care and Integrated Organizations<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0The managed care phenomenon was welcomed mostly by\u00a0
a.\u00a0employers
b.\u00a0workers\u00a0
c.\u00a0private insurance\u00a0
d.\u00a0the government<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0With the growth of managed care, the balance of power in the medical marketplace swung toward\u00a0
a.\u00a0providers\u00a0
b.\u00a0the supply side\u00a0
c.\u00a0the demand side
d.\u00a0more regulation<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0A managed care organization functions like\u00a0
a.\u00a0a provider\u00a0
b.\u00a0an insurer
c.\u00a0a regulator\u00a0
d.\u00a0a financier<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0What is the purpose of cost sharing with providers?\u00a0
a.\u00a0It makes providers immune to costs\u00a0
b.\u00a0It makes providers cost conscious
c.\u00a0It rewards providers for quality\u00a0
d.\u00a0It keeps insurance premiums low<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0Capitation is best described as\u00a0
a.\u00a0monthly lump sum payment regardless of utilization
b.\u00a0monthly lump sum payment regardless of cost\u00a0
c.\u00a0per member per month payment
d.\u00a0payments capped to a maximum cost for delivering services<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0Under capitation, risk is shifted \u00a0
a.\u00a0from the insured to the employer\u00a0
b.\u00a0from the provider to the MCO\u00a0
c.\u00a0from the employer to the MCO\u00a0
d.\u00a0from the MCO to the provider<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0Under which payment method is a fee schedule used?\u00a0
a.\u00a0prospective payment\u00a0
b.\u00a0capitation\u00a0
c.\u00a0discounted fees
d.\u00a0fee for service
8.\u00a0The HMO Act of 1973 required\u00a0
a.\u00a0health care providers to contract with HMOs\u00a0
b.\u00a0managed care organizations to offer HMO alternatives\u00a0
c.\u00a0insurers to switch to managed care\u00a0
d.\u00a0employers to offer an HMO alternative to conventional health insurance<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0In the term, managed care, ‘manage’ refers to \u00a0
a.\u00a0management of utilization
b.\u00a0management of premiums\u00a0
c.\u00a0management of risk\u00a0
d.\u00a0management of the supply of services<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0Under the fee-for-service system, providers had the incentive to \u00a0
a.\u00a0deliver more services than what would be medically necessary because a greater volume would increase their incomes
b.\u00a0use less technology because they could increase their incomes by not using costly procedures\u00a0
c.\u00a0indiscriminate cost increases because they could get paid whatever they would charge\u00a0
d.\u00a0increase the level of quality in order to attract more patients<\/p>\n

\u00a0Chapter 10: Long-Term Care<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Low cognitive functioning places an elderly person at a high risk for\u00a0
a.\u00a0clinical depression\u00a0
b.\u00a0functional decline
c.\u00a0chronic ailments\u00a0
d.\u00a0acute ailments<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0The elderly do not constitute a homogeneous group; hence\u00a0
a.\u00a0they have more chronic ailments than acute episodes\u00a0
b.\u00a0the LTC system must be integrated with the rest of the health care delivery system\u00a0
c.\u00a0most elderly people live independently\u00a0
d.\u00a0a variety of long-term care services are demanded<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0Which of the following plays a primary role in individualizing long-term care services to the patient’s needs? \u00a0
a.\u00a0Coordination of various services\u00a0
b.\u00a0Physician’s orders\u00a0
c.\u00a0An individual assessment
d.\u00a0A discharge report from the hospital<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0In the delivery of long-term care, customized interventions are carried out according to\u00a0
a.\u00a0an individual assessment\u00a0
b.\u00a0a plan of care
c.\u00a0weekly evaluations by the patient’s physician\u00a0
d.\u00a0the philosophy of total care<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0What is the key determinant of the need for long-term care?\u00a0
a.\u00a0A disabling accident\u00a0
b.\u00a0An acute episode\u00a0
c.\u00a0Presence of multiple chronic conditions\u00a0
d.\u00a0Limitations in a person’s ability to perform tasks of daily living<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0What is the goal of long-term care?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Promote functional independence
b.\u00a0Return a person to independent living\u00a0
c.\u00a0Reverse the decline in activities of daily living\u00a0
d.\u00a0Cope with multiple chronic conditions<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0Which of the following can contribute positively to a person’s quality of life?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Palliation
b.\u00a0Assessment\u00a0
c.\u00a0Plan of care\u00a0
d.\u00a0Total care<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0Why is the assessment of psychiatric illness particularly difficult in geriatric patients?\u00a0
a.\u00a0Mental illness cannot be ruled out\u00a0
b.\u00a0The elderly often fake mental illness.\u00a0
c.\u00a0Psychiatric illness can be intermittent\u00a0
d.\u00a0Comorbidities can obscure diagnosis<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0Personal care is\u00a0
a.\u00a0Individualized care\u00a0
b.\u00a0Basic assistance with ADLs
c.\u00a0Services that are nurse-intensive\u00a0
d.\u00a0Long-term care provided by unpaid caregivers<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0Maintenance rather than restoration of functioning is particularly the domain of\u00a0
a.\u00a0custodial care
b.\u00a0restorative care\u00a0
c.\u00a0skilled nursing care\u00a0
d.\u00a0personal care<\/p>\n

Chapter 11: Health Services for Special Populations<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 Which racial\/ethnic group is most likely to drink alcohol?
\u00a0a. White
\u00a0b. Black or African American
\u00a0c. Asian or Pacific Islander
\u00a0d. Hispanic<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0 Which racial\/ethnic group is growing the fastest?
a. White
\u00a0b. Black or African American
\u00a0c. Asian or Pacific Islander
\u00a0d. Hispanic<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0 Which racial\/ethnic group is least likely to use mammography?
a. White
\u00a0b. Black or African American
\u00a0c. Asian or Pacific Islander
\u00a0d. Hispanic<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0 Approximately how many Americans are uninsured?
\u00a0a. 16 million
\u00a0b. 26 million
\u00a0c. 46 million
\u00a0d. 66 million<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0 Lack of insurance can result in:
a. Decreased utilization of lower cost preventive services
b. Increased need for more expensive, emergency health care
c. The spread of infectious diseases
d. All of the above<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0 Which legislation created the State Children\u2019s Health Insurance Plan (SCHIP)?
\u00a0a. Balanced Budget Act of 1997
\u00a0b. State Children\u2019s Health Insurance Act of 1997
\u00a0c. Kids First Act of 1997
\u00a0d. Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1997<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0 What does \u201cMUA\u201d stand for?
\u00a0a. Metropolitan Utilization Area
\u00a0b. Medically Underserved Area
\u00a0c. Metropolitan Underserved Area
\u00a0d. Medical Utilization Area<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0 What is the primary purpose of the National Health Service Corps?
\u00a0a. To recruit physicians to provide services in physician shortage areas in the U.S.
\u00a0b. To recruit physicians from abroad to work in the United States
\u00a0c. To send U.S. physicians to developing countries to provide services to the indigent
\u00a0d. To recruit physicians into the military
9.\u00a0 Among women, which racial\/ethnic group has the highest percentage distribution of AIDS?
\u00a0a. White, non-Hispanic
\u00a0b. Black, non-Hispanic
\u00a0c. Hispanic
\u00a0d. American Indian<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0 What does the federal Ryan White CARE Act fund?
\u00a0a. Care for underserved rural and urban populations
\u00a0b. Skin cancer screening programs
\u00a0c. School-based health services in predominantly minority neighborhoods
\u00a0d. Development of treatment and care options for persons with HIV and AIDS<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Chapter 12: Cost, Access and Quality<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
\u00a0a. A measure of all the goods and services produced by a nation in a given year
b. A measure of all the goods and services produced by a nation in a given year, divided by the population
c. A measure of all the goods and services produced by a nation in a given year, minus the amount of money spent by the government
d. A measure of all the goods and services produced by a nation in a given year, divided by the amount of money spent by the government<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0 What is a PRO?
\u00a0a. Price Rationing Organization
\u00a0b. Political Review of Outcomes
\u00a0c. Peer Review Organization
\u00a0d. President\u2019s Review of Organizations<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0 What is meant by the term \u201chealth care costs\u201d?
\u00a0a. The price of health care
\u00a0b. How much a nation spends on health care
\u00a0c. Cost of producing health care
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0 Medical cost inflation is influenced by all of the following factors except:
\u00a0a. Waste and abuse
\u00a0b. Increase in elderly population
\u00a0c. Decrease in uninsured
\u00a0d. Growth of technology<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0 What are administrative costs?
a. Costs associated with management of the financing, insurance, delivery, and payment functions of health care
b. Costs associated with financing and insurance only
c. Costs associated with delivery and payment functions only
d. None of the above<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0 What is the main reason for the lack of success of health care cost control efforts in the U.S.?
\u00a0a. Malpractice lawsuits
\u00a0b. Cost shifting by providers
\u00a0c. Dislike of the practice by consumers
\u00a0d. Growth of technology<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0 Fill in the blank: The distinction between predisposing and enabling conditions can be applied to assess the _______ of a health care system.
\u00a0a. cost
\u00a0b. equity
\u00a0c. efficiency
\u00a0d. effectiveness<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0 What is the purpose of clinical practice guidelines?
\u00a0a. To provide a plan to manage a clinical problem based on evidence or consensus
\u00a0b. To lower costs
\u00a0c. To improve outcomes
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0 What is the Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS)?
\u00a0a. A quality report card
\u00a0b. A cost report card
\u00a0c. A government database on health plans
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0 What are the main activities of risk management?
a. Proactive efforts to prevent adverse events related to clinical care and facilities operations
b. Retrospective studies of adverse events
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b<\/p>\n

Chapter 13: Health Policy<\/p>\n

Multiple Choice Questions:<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 Which major public insurance program was legislated in 1965?
\u00a0a. Medicare
\u00a0b. Medicaid
\u00a0c. Both a and b
\u00a0d. Neither a nor b<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0 Health policies are used in what capacity?
\u00a0a. Regulation of behaviors
\u00a0b. Allocation of income, services, or goods
\u00a0c. Both a and b
\u00a0d. Neither a nor b<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0 What is incrementalism?
\u00a0a. The fact that in the U.S., health care is financed by multiple entities
\u00a0b. The fragmented, uncoordinated delivery of health services
c. Small policy changes that reflect a compromise amongst different groups\u2019 demands
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0 Which of the following branches of government is a supplier of policy?
\u00a0a. Executive
\u00a0b. Legislative
\u00a0c. Judicial
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0 What is an interest group?
\u00a0a. A group of lawmakers within Congress with a particular area of interest
\u00a0b. A group of appointed judges with a particular political view point
c. An independent, non-governmental group united by a policy area, which lobbies and advocates its point of view to lawmakers
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0 What was the main purpose of the Kerr-Mills program (1960)?
\u00a0a. Provision of federal grants to state government programs assisting the elderly
\u00a0b. Provision of federal grants to state government programs assisting the poor
\u00a0c. Provision of federal grants to state government programs assisting children
\u00a0d. None of the above<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0 For what is the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 noted?
a. The shift from cost containment to improvement of quality as the principal theme in federal health policy
b. The shift from cost containment to improvement of access as the principal theme in federal health policy
c. The shift from improvement of access to cost containment as the principal theme in federal health policy
d. The shift from improvement of quality to cost containment as the principal theme in federal health policy<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0 What does \u201cCON\u201d stand for?
\u00a0a. Certificate of Need
\u00a0b. Certificate of Nursing
\u00a0c. Certificate of Naturopathy
\u00a0d. Certificate of Nationality<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0 In what way does research influence policymaking?
\u00a0a. Prescription
\u00a0b. Documentation
\u00a0c. Analysis
\u00a0d. All of the above<\/p>\n

10.\u00a0 All of the following were identified by the Institute of Medicine (Crossing the Quality Chasm, 2001) as areas for quality improvement, except:
\u00a0a. Timeliness
\u00a0b. Safety
\u00a0c. Efficacy
\u00a0d. Patient-centeredness<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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